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SALTS

Miscellaneous

• Family: None
• Region: None
• Mined At: Unspecified
• Raw Mineral: Yes
• Generic: No

Notes

(Richard Willis)

Salts are acids whose hydrogen has been replaced by a metal.
typical replacement yieldings
metal + acid gives salt + hydrogen
— for example, Na + HCl gives NaCl + H; or, Zn + 2HCl gives ZnCl + H₂
metallic oxide + acid gives salt + water
— for example, CaO + 2HCl gives CaCl₂ + H₂O
base + acid gives salt + water
— for example: Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl gives CaCl₂ + 2H₂O
carbonate + strong acid gives salt + weak acid,
— for example: CaCO₃ + 2HCl gives CaCl₂ + H₂CO₃
common acids and their salts:
ClH gives chlorides; SO₄H₂ gives sulfates; NO₃H gives nitrates; PO₄H₃ gives phosphates; CO₃H₂ gives carbonates; SiO₃H₂ gives silicates
Salts are for the most part the soluble forms of the molecular compositions of metals, and, as such, are less desirable for use in glaze and/or pigment mixes. However, they can be readily de-soluble’d by precipitation or by calcination and then used as non/water-soluble oxides. Also, salts, and soluble salts especially, are medium to strong deflocculants, and care should be taken accordingly to not overly deflocculate when adding salts in order to improve fluidity or porosity.

Authors

• Richard Willis (Owner)

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<material name="SALTS" descrip="" generic="0" rawmineral="1" searchkey="" loi="0.00">
<notes>
<note>Salts are acids whose hydrogen has been replaced by a metal.&lt;BR&gt;
&lt;B&gt;typical replacement yieldings&lt;/B&gt;&lt;BR&gt;
metal + acid gives salt + hydrogen&lt;BR&gt;
&amp;#151; for example, Na + HCl gives NaCl + H; or, Zn + 2HCl gives ZnCl + H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;BR&gt;
metallic oxide + acid gives salt + water&lt;BR&gt;
&amp;#151; for example, CaO + 2HCl gives CaCl&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; + H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;O&lt;BR&gt;
base + acid gives salt + water&lt;BR&gt;
&amp;#151; for example: Ca(OH)&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; + 2HCl gives CaCl&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; + 2H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;O&lt;BR&gt;
carbonate + strong acid gives salt + weak acid,&lt;BR&gt;
&amp;#151; for example: CaCO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; + 2HCl gives CaCl&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; + H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;CO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;BR&gt;
&lt;B&gt;common acids and their salts:&lt;BR&gt;
&lt;/B&gt;ClH gives chlorides; SO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;4&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; gives sulfates; NO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;H gives nitrates; PO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;4&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; gives phosphates; CO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; gives carbonates; SiO&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;3&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;H&lt;FONT SIZE=2&gt;&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; gives silicates&lt;BR&gt;
Salts are for the most part the soluble forms of the molecular compositions of metals, and, as such, are less desirable for use in glaze and/or pigment mixes. However, they can be readily &lt;B&gt;&lt;I&gt;de-soluble&amp;#146;d&lt;/I&gt;&lt;/B&gt; by precipitation or by calcination and then used as non/water-soluble oxides. Also, salts, and soluble salts especially, are medium to strong deflocculants, and care should be taken accordingly to not overly deflocculate when adding salts in order to improve fluidity or porosity.&lt;BR&gt;

</note>
</notes>
</material>

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